"Do we Affect Fashion in the Grave?"; Italian and Spanish Tomb Sculptures and the Pose of the Dreamer.
'An examination of the tomb monuments of the Cardinals Ascanio Sforza and Girolamo Basso della Rovere, by Sansovino, in S. Maria del Popolo, Rome, serves as a starting point for an investigation of the creation of the "activated" tomb figure shown as if asleep, in the late 15th and early 16th cs. Rejects theories put forward for possible prototypes in the Spanish tradition of tomb sculpture, or in Etruscan and Roman imagery. Suggests that contemporary illustrations and prints may have influenced the Italian innovation of pensive dreamers, by which the Spanish development may also have been independently affected. Argues that individuality was sought not necessarily in details of portraiture but rather in original concepts of display. The emphasis shifted from the outward display of regalia and symbolic attributes to expression of inner feelings and -possibly- thoughts' (BHA).